Question: "Why should I not commit suicide?"
Answer: Our hearts go out to those who have thoughts of ending their own lives through suicide. If that is you right now, it may speak of many emotions, such as feelings of hopelessness and despair. You may feel like you are in the deepest pit, and you doubt there is any hope of things getting better. No one seems to care or understand where you are coming from. Life just is not worth living...or is it?
If you will take a few moments to consider letting God truly be God in your life right now, He will prove how big He really is, “for nothing is impossible with God” (Luke 1:37). Perhaps scars from past hurts have resulted in an overwhelming sense of rejection or abandonment. That may lead to self-pity, anger, bitterness, vengeful thoughts, or unhealthy fears that have caused problems in some of your most important relationships.
Why should you not commit suicide? Friend, no matter how bad things are in your life, there is a God of love who is waiting for you to let Him guide you through your tunnel of despair and out into His marvelous light. He is your sure hope. His name is Jesus.
This Jesus, the sinless Son of God, identifies with you in your time of rejection and humiliation. The prophet Isaiah wrote of Him in Isaiah 53:2-6, describing Him as a man who was “despised and rejected” by everyone. His life was full of sorrow and suffering. But the sorrows He bore were not His own; they were ours. He was pierced, wounded, and crushed, all because of our sin. Because of His suffering, our lives can be redeemed and made whole.
Friend, Jesus Christ endured all this so that you might have all your sins forgiven. Whatever weight of guilt you carry, know that He will forgive you if you humbly receive Him as your Savior. “...Call upon me in the day of trouble; I will deliver you...” (Psalm 50:15). Nothing you have ever done is too bad for Jesus to forgive. Some of His choicest servants committed gross sins like murder (Moses), murder and adultery (King David), and physical and emotional abuse (the apostle Paul). Yet they found forgiveness and a new abundant life in the Lord. “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has gone, the new has come!” (2 Corinthians 5:17).
Why should you not commit suicide? Friend, God stands ready to repair what is “broken,” namely, the life you have now, the life you want to end by suicide. In Isaiah 61:1-3, the prophet wrote, “The LORD has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim freedom for the captives and release from darkness for the prisoners, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor…to comfort all who mourn, and provide for those who grieve…to bestow on them a crown of beauty instead of ashes, the oil of gladness instead of mourning, and a garment of praise instead of a spirit of despair.”
Come to Jesus, and let Him restore your joy and usefulness as you trust Him to begin a new work in your life. He promises to restore the joy you have lost and give you a new spirit to sustain you. Your broken heart is precious to Him: “The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit; a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise” (Psalm 51:12, 15-17).
Will you accept the Lord as your Savior and Shepherd? He will guide your thoughts and steps—one day at a time—through His Word, the Bible. “I will instruct you and teach you in the way you should go; I will counsel you and watch over you” (Psalm 32:8). “He will be the sure foundation for your times, a rich store of salvation and wisdom and knowledge; the fear of the LORD is the key to this treasure” (Isaiah 33:6). In Christ, you will still have struggles, but you will now have hope. He is “a friend who sticks closer than a brother” (Proverbs 18:24). May the grace of the Lord Jesus be with you in your hour of decision.
If you desire to trust Jesus Christ as your Savior, speak these words in your heart to God: “God, I need you in my life. Please forgive me for all that I have done. I place my faith in Jesus Christ and believe that He is my Savior. Please cleanse me, heal me, and restore my joy in life. Thank You for Your love for me and for Jesus' death on my behalf.”
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| It's An Evil And Sinister Conspiracy That Involves Very Rich And Powerful People Who Mastermind Events And Control World Affairs Through Governments And Corporations And Are Plotting Mass Population Reduction And The Emergence Of A Totalitarian World Government! By Using Occult Secret Societies The ILLUMINATI Will Bring All Of The Nations Of This World Together As One. We'll Have No Recourse But To Submit And Be Under Their Control Utilizing Their Digital Central Bank Currency Or To Reject This Ill-Fated Digital Identification. The Goal Is UN Agenda 2030! This Is The Beginning Of The End!
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Is the Vatican Really the Center of Global Evil?
If one truly investigates the Vatican and is willing to accept the facts, the inescapable reality becomes clear.
The question of whether the Vatican is good or evil is again dealt with by researcher Frank O’Collins.
This time O’Collins deals with the Vatican’s evil religious ritual known as “Holocaust, the evil religious ritual word known as “Molest” and “Molestation” and how the word “Nazi” means knight as well as “SS” standing for Sedes Sacrorum or the “Holy See”.
Further, he looks at the largest satanic symbol ever created in WWII involving the “worst human sacrifice camps” in Poland and Russia.
Here is what O’Collins has to say:
“Is the Vatican really the centre of a Global Evil Network?—why the strongest proof is hidden in plain sight”
If there is one thing the internet bloggers and independent news networks have in common it is conspiracy theories—from alien abductions and secret underground government laboratories to ultra secret global control networks and political assassinations.
So it is perfectly understandable that when a reader of the ArcticBeacon.com or listener of the Investigative Journal reads or hears about one of the alleged crimes of the Vatican and its organs—such as the Jesuits, the Franciscans and others—it can easily seem as just another in a long line of “unfounded claims”, “hoaxes” and “grudges” against religion and the Catholic Church.
Sometimes it is the complexity of the story itself that makes it hard to understand, or believe—like when the people involved in the alleged evil event lived fifty, one hundred or even one thousand years ago. It also makes it hard when the story involves talking about former countries and empires with strange sounding names and customs.
It is why rare mainstream news phenomena such as the global media coverage of the Vatican’s deliberate cover-up of organized international rings of child molesting priests, particularly in western countries—such as the United States, Europe, Canada and Australia –is so important. It proves without a doubt that the Vatican does not always behave in the best interests of the community, and in particular for its own faithful—the Catholic families who entrusted their children into the care of Priests and Nuns—only to find years later that their children had been molested.
Yet for all that is said and written about the Vatican being home to a dangerous “parasitic” cult –and the epicenter of a global network of evil for nearly 1,000 years—the proof for many people often seems farfetched, convoluted and unproven.
For one thing such claims appear to contradict the fact that the Catholic Church is involved in important charitable work, in health care, in education and vital overseas aid across the world. Many millions of ordinary Catholics are employed and continue to volunteer to help make their communities and the world a better place. In addition, there are many examples over the years under Pope John Paul II and now Pope Benedict XVI where the Vatican has made public statements against evil, against war, violence and terror. So how possibly could such an organization that invests so much time, money and resources into seemingly “helping” the world be simultaneously the “epicenter of evil”?
The purpose of this short article it to demonstrate clear and unmistakable proof that the Vatican is Evil and that it has been the epicenter and controller of global networks of evil for nearly thousand years. Furthermore that this proof has been “hidden in plain sight” for anyone to see for at least seventy years. Finally, that the apparent contradiction of the Catholic Church doing so much good and yet the Vatican being the epicenter of Evil can easily be explained when one understands that the people who control the Vatican belong to a cult known as the “Roman Cult” and have absolutely nothing to do with the founding of the Catholic Church or the beliefs of ordinary good Catholics.
Proof # 1 – The evil religious ritual word known as “Holocaust”
The word Holocaust is oldest theologically correct term still used in relation to the official doctrine of satanists in the burning of people alive. The word “Holocaust” is at least as old as the 3rd Century BCE and comes from the ancient Greek word holokauston, meaning “a completely (holos) burnt (kaustos) sacrificial offering”, or “a burnt sacrifice offered to God”.
The term has always meant the specific ritual of murdering innocent human beings as animals by burning as defined by the ancient Phoenician/Samaritan/Sadducee/Punic religion to Moloch and his name variances. Because these priest-king family bloodlines have traditionally considered all other human beings as “sheep and cattle”, the word Holocaust is frequently and deliberately misrepresented as “only applying to animals”.
The word Holocaust fell out of general use for almost 1,400 years until it was famously resurrected by Pope Pius XII, the Vatican and the Roman Cult after 1948 as the official and legal description of mass human sacrifice by burning of over 18 million innocent people in Russia and Poland. To ensure the word is continued to be used, the Vatican and Jesuits ensured that laws were introduced to make “Holocaust Denial” a crime–in other words, to deny that the 18 million innocents of World War II were not burnt alive as a sacrifice (to Moloch) is a criminal offence. In recent years, the Vatican has funded the Holocaust Denial movement to ensure the word remains one of the most controversial and evil labels still in use.
The Hebrew word Tophet is also an ancient and important religious word used by the Sarmatian (Jewish) Priests to describe the actual location of their sacred ceremonies where they burnt “heretics” and innocents. The word means “burning place” exclusively in reference to human sacrifice.
The controversy surrounding this word is twofold–firstly, the word is no older than the 9th Century BCE and secondly most frequent reference is to be found in the heavily revised “Holy Bible” and “Jewish Talmud” scriptures.
The word appears to have been particularly important to the Sarmatian Jewish priests until the destruction of their homeland in the 6th Century by Emperor Justinian and the outlawing (by death) of the religion of Sarmatianism.
The Latin word Immolate (Immolatus/Immolare) is a word created by AntiPope Innocent III (1198-1216) in his creation of the official doctrine of Satanism to religiously murder hundreds of thousands of “heretics” according to the revised liturgy of the Sarmatian (Jewish) practice of human sacrifice. The word means “to sacrifice, kill as a victim by fire” and is the most specific-purpose designed words to describe this kind of evil sacrifice.
While the exact etymology of the word is not clear, it almost certainly comes from the simple combination of IN+MOLOCH (“to Moloch”). Since the creation of this religious word of power, it remains the official “legal” term used to describe all people who are killed by fire–therefore “offered up to Moloch” by simple use of the term.
The hebrew word Shoah which means “annihilation, cataclysm, natural catastrophe” is neither an official religious word associated with human sacrifice by burning, nor an old association. The word Shoah was first used in 1948 in rejection of the language used by Pope Pius XII and the Vatican to describe their mass murder of 18 million people by fire as a The Holocaust.
Since most educated Jewish scholars understand the religious significance of the world “Holocaust”, the word Shoah was selected in opposition to the unrelenting evil behaviour of the Roman Cult and Vatican. Unfortunately, the word is rarely understood and not widely used in replacement to the word “Holocaust”.
So the fact that it is the Vatican that resurrected this supremely evil word and it is the Vatican that continues to insist this word is used proves that the Vatican is involved (at least to some degree) in dark and evil practices—by the insistence of the world using its satanic language.
Proof # 2 – The evil religious ritual word known as “Molest” and “Molestation”
The words Molestation/Molest come from the 14th Century religious term “Mollista” created from Moll (from Latin Mollis meaning “soft, weak, young child/boy) and Ista (Latin suffix used to indicate adherence to a certain doctrine or custom).
The original official and religious meaning of Molest (Mollista) is “the adherence to the doctrines and customs (of the Roman Cult) concerning the soft, weak, and young child/boys.”
The common definitions ascribed to “molest”—from late Latin molestus meaning
“troublesome, disagreeable, annoying” are deliberately misleading and designed to hide the religious origin and religious significance of the word.
For example, the Latin words laedo ledo which mean “strike, hit, hurt, damage, offend, annoy, violate” were in historic use for hundreds of years to defined the exact same claimed meanings of molestus –defying a rational explanation why a new word like “mollista” (molestus) was needed, unless it had a different implied meaning.
To add to the confusion, the word Molestation was again altered in its apparent “common” meaning by being introduced into Scottish law by 1456 to mean “the harassing of a person in his possession or occupation of lands” as well as English common law as “injury inflicted upon another.”
In spite of the deliberate efforts to confuse both the origin and key original religious meaning of the word “Molest”, there exists strong evidence of a second important meaning of the word in relation to the common meaning of Moll in the 14th Century onwards.
In England, the word Moll by the 16th Century became a common euphemism for “criminal” and prostitutes became commonly known as “Molls”—the claim it is a shortened version of Mary a ridiculous diversion.
However, prior to the word Moll becoming associated openly with the notion of criminals, it appears the word was used at least from the 13th Century as a shortened version of the name of Moloch and actions undertaken in the name of Moloch, or “Molls”.
This gives us then a second important and credible religious meaning associated to the word “Molest” being “the adherence to the doctrines and customs (of the Roman Cult) concerning the soft, weak, and young child/boys and a sacrifice to Moloch.”
The term Pedophilia (first recorded in 1951) is a modern term created from the Greek words (gen. paidos) “child” (see pedo-) + philos “loving.”
Contrary to public belief, the term Pedophilia has the unfortunate literal meaning of “loving children”, than the criminal action of child abuse. While Pedophilia has absolutely no religious significance as a word, its continued use as a term to describe child molestation and child abuse is misleading—implying those branded as “pedophiles” have some emotional empathy towards their victims (implied by philes/philos-love).
To date, the Roman Cult, otherwise known as the Vatican is the only organization in history to orchestrate as a “sacred” religious ceremony the systematic and widespread encouragement of its clergy to abuse of children from as late as the 14th Century.
The physical and mental abuse of tens of millions of children for 700 years by the clergy of the Vatican is the largest unbroken “child abuse ring” of all time, still in complete operation today.
The motivation for such evil remains the dedication of the innocence of children to the demon god of sacrifice- Moloch either consciously or unconsciously by the Roman Catholic and some Christian clergy.
Due to the lack of understanding of religious terms and the true meaning of words, some parents with children under the care of Catholic clergy mistakenly believe that the Roman Cult of the Vatican have openly repudiated the “sacred act” of molestation—a false assumption.
The Vatican – always precise with their words—has condemned pedophilia which is a modern term and has absolutely nothing to do with the ancient worship of Moloch, nor the religious term molest/molestation.
No parent who values the sanctity of the innocence of their children should ever believe that their children are safe in the hands of Catholic Clergy until the Roman Cult and Vatican is disbanded. Until that day, all children in the care of Catholic Clergy remain at extreme risk throughout the world from ongoing, encouraged molestation.
Proof # 3 – “Nazi” means knight, “SS” stands for Sedes Sacrorum, the “Holy See”
1933 marks the first year the religious word Nazi (from Hebrew Nasi meaning “Knight”) was used as the official new name of the NDSAP in government controlled by Adolf Hitler.
It is frequently and incorrectly claimed that the word “Nazi” comes from the haphazard extraction of letters from the first word of the name of the NSDAP – NAtionalsoZIalistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei to produce a simple abbreviation. This explanation is patently false as the NSDAP already has a perfectly good and well known abbreviation- NSDAP!. The word “Nazi” appeared only after Hitler assumed power invited by Franz Von Papen for an entirely different reason.
The word Nazi/Nasi dates back to the time of the Sanhedrin councils of Palestine first formed by the Romans in the 1st Century BCE. To members of modern Judaism, the Nasi were the appointed spiritual leaders of the Sanhedrin as opposed to the temporal leadership of the High Priest of the Main Temple. While there is some uncertainty as to the credibility of all the claimed history of the office of Nasi and the bloodline of Rabbinical Scholars of the House of Hillel, there is no doubt the position existed at some point.
Another one of several absurd mythologies accepted by eminent historians and academics is the proposition that the Schutzstaffel (German for “Squadron” and the same concept as the Italian “Blackshirt Squadrons” of Catholic Mussolini) was formed in 1925 as the personal bodyguard of Hitler following his release from prison.
Some audacious writers have even “revised history” to claim the Schutzstaffel (frequently cut in half to try and get two S’s our of the single word for squadron) had already started to use the SS and skull and bones symbols, including calling their head the Reichführer-SS and the Roman Salute (straight arm) to their allegiance to the Vatican, Rome.
The ridiculous nature of these lies are easily exposed when the facts are considered that Hitler’s main claim to fame in 1925 was as a book writer and budding political philosopher, surrounded by a tight group of individuals each providing key skills such as Rudolf Hess-personal private secretary, Ernst Hanfstaengl-media, Hans Frank-Lawyer and Julius Schreck-personal security. Furthermore, the NDSAP was a publicly banned organization until May 1927.
As stated, two S’s cannot logically be extracted from the word Schutzstaffel simply means “Squadron”. The significance of the use of the SS symbol by the elite of Himmler’s forces after he personally attended the signing of the Reich Concordat with the Vatican in 1933 is frequently ignored.
Prior to its use by Himmler, the symbols SS were most frequently and officially used as the abbreviation of Sedes Sacrorum or the legal name of the Vatican being the “Holy See” (Latin Sedes = seat/see and Sacrorum = Holy/Sacred) since the 16th Century as a sign of imprimatur over official Vatican documents.
It is either an extraordinary coincidence that Himmler and his elite began wearing the SS symbol as Reichführer immediately after the signing of the Reich Concordat in 1933 with the SS- the Sedes Sacrorum, the Holy See. Given the four hundred year precedent of SS being associated with the Holy See, it is not unreasonable to conclude that the wearing of the symbols is associated with some as yet unpublished spiritual/temporal powers bestowed on the SS Troops by the SS- Holy See.
When one considers that Nazi SS translates most perfectly into the meaning “Knights of the Holy See”, that the role of Himmler best translates into the new Grand Inquisitor and that over 18 million innocent people were burned alive in human sacrifice camps in Poland and Russia, then the SS were without doubt the new “Holy Army” of a great inquisition against “heretics” orchestrated by the Vatican, Rome.
Proof # 4 – The largest satanic symbol ever created was in WWII with the “worst human sacrifice camps” in Poland and Russia
It would be crazy to think someone could try and hide the Great Wall of China right? It is thousands of miles long and famously was one of the distinct man-made objects that could be seen from space. So how about a 300 mile wide pentagram in the perfect ancient shape of the Pentagram of Mendes, the goat’s head- the geometric symbol of black magic? Sound’s impossible? In fact, the pentagram exists to this day and can easily be plotted on any map.
You can still easily plot this Pentagram for yourself today by simply calling up any map of Poland.
1. First, find Pulawy on a Map—the Palace and Temple to Cybele is located just to the South West of the town itself.
2. Now go directly up and stop just south-East of Ostrow—this is the top tip of the Pentagram and the site for Treblinka Human Sacrifice Camp.
3. Now continue to travel down South -East—past Pulawy until you find the town in Orthodox Ukraine called L’viv. Due west of this town was the Janowska Human Sacrifice Camp—frequently misrepresented as merely a labor camp.
4. Now travel west until you travel past Krakow until just above the town of Bielsko-Biala. This was the site of the massive Auschwitz Human Sacrifice Camp.
5. Now travel north until you find the town of Lodz. This was the site of the only human sacrifice camp dedicated purely to children- the Lodz Human Sacrifice Camp.
6. Finally, travel east again until you find the small town of Wlodawa—almost on the border of the Ukraine—this was the site of the Sobibor Human Sacrifice Camp.
In addition to the worst human sacrifice camps of WWII being the points of a 300 mile satanic pentagram, when the lines are extended out, the connect up some of the most important cities for the Roman Cult controlling the Vatican.
1. The “Ley Line” of evil running North-East to South-West from Treblinka Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp, south to Auschwitz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects St. Petersburg through the outskirts of Zagreb and through the heart of Rome and the Vatican itself!
2. The “Ley Line” of evil running North-West through Treblinka Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp, south to Janowska Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects Stockholm to Bucharest to Suez (Zeus backwards)–the ancient Zion.
3. The “Ley line” of evil running West to East from Lodz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp to Sobibor Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects Dublin, then Hannover to Belgorod in Russia.
4. The “Ley line” of evil running North West from Lodz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp and down South East past the Janowska Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects the Shetland Islands to Odessa to Tehran.
5. Last but not least, the “Ley line” of evil running North East from Sobibor Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp south-west through Auschwitz Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp cuts through the heart of Bordeaux, Zürich, Munich and connects up to Nizhny Novgorod .
If the ley lines and shape of the pentagram is even changed by one degree of latitude, or longitude, the ley lines have no meaning. It is only when the Nazi death camps that form the pentagram are placed exactly as they were historically located that the pentagram has power.
Like any virus or cancer, the Roman Cult is a parasite attacking the body of the world
While this article unfortunately has required a fair number of words to expose four indisputable facts “hidden in plain sight” that prove the Vatican is Evil, the evidence speaks for itself.
Once a reader or listener understands that we are discussing a parasite –like any virus or cancer—that lives off the good will and kindness of ordinary Catholics, then hopefully they understand that in exposing the Vatican as the epicenter of evil in no way reflects negatively against the Catholic Church, Catholics and Christians in general.
The Roman Cult is the parasite, not the Catholic Church. The Roman Cult is responsible for much of the evil in the world for the past 1,000 years including now the global recession that is threatening to become a global depression.
Hopefully once good people wake up to the fact that when we discuss the Vatican we are talking about a criminal conspiracy involving just a few thousand people who consider themselves the elite rulers of this world—not the hundreds of millions of good Catholics and Catholic clergy—then these people will finally be exposed. Once exposed, we can start to work on a cure.
By: Greg Szymanski
New World Order
If one truly investigates the Vatican and is willing to accept the facts, the inescapable reality becomes clear.
The question of whether the Vatican is good or evil is again dealt with by researcher Frank O’Collins.
This time O’Collins deals with the Vatican’s evil religious ritual known as “Holocaust, the evil religious ritual word known as “Molest” and “Molestation” and how the word “Nazi” means knight as well as “SS” standing for Sedes Sacrorum or the “Holy See”.
Further, he looks at the largest satanic symbol ever created in WWII involving the “worst human sacrifice camps” in Poland and Russia.
Here is what O’Collins has to say:
“Is the Vatican really the centre of a Global Evil Network?—why the strongest proof is hidden in plain sight”
If there is one thing the internet bloggers and independent news networks have in common it is conspiracy theories—from alien abductions and secret underground government laboratories to ultra secret global control networks and political assassinations.
So it is perfectly understandable that when a reader of the ArcticBeacon.com or listener of the Investigative Journal reads or hears about one of the alleged crimes of the Vatican and its organs—such as the Jesuits, the Franciscans and others—it can easily seem as just another in a long line of “unfounded claims”, “hoaxes” and “grudges” against religion and the Catholic Church.
Sometimes it is the complexity of the story itself that makes it hard to understand, or believe—like when the people involved in the alleged evil event lived fifty, one hundred or even one thousand years ago. It also makes it hard when the story involves talking about former countries and empires with strange sounding names and customs.
It is why rare mainstream news phenomena such as the global media coverage of the Vatican’s deliberate cover-up of organized international rings of child molesting priests, particularly in western countries—such as the United States, Europe, Canada and Australia –is so important. It proves without a doubt that the Vatican does not always behave in the best interests of the community, and in particular for its own faithful—the Catholic families who entrusted their children into the care of Priests and Nuns—only to find years later that their children had been molested.
Yet for all that is said and written about the Vatican being home to a dangerous “parasitic” cult –and the epicenter of a global network of evil for nearly 1,000 years—the proof for many people often seems farfetched, convoluted and unproven.
For one thing such claims appear to contradict the fact that the Catholic Church is involved in important charitable work, in health care, in education and vital overseas aid across the world. Many millions of ordinary Catholics are employed and continue to volunteer to help make their communities and the world a better place. In addition, there are many examples over the years under Pope John Paul II and now Pope Benedict XVI where the Vatican has made public statements against evil, against war, violence and terror. So how possibly could such an organization that invests so much time, money and resources into seemingly “helping” the world be simultaneously the “epicenter of evil”?
The purpose of this short article it to demonstrate clear and unmistakable proof that the Vatican is Evil and that it has been the epicenter and controller of global networks of evil for nearly thousand years. Furthermore that this proof has been “hidden in plain sight” for anyone to see for at least seventy years. Finally, that the apparent contradiction of the Catholic Church doing so much good and yet the Vatican being the epicenter of Evil can easily be explained when one understands that the people who control the Vatican belong to a cult known as the “Roman Cult” and have absolutely nothing to do with the founding of the Catholic Church or the beliefs of ordinary good Catholics.
Proof # 1 – The evil religious ritual word known as “Holocaust”
The word Holocaust is oldest theologically correct term still used in relation to the official doctrine of satanists in the burning of people alive. The word “Holocaust” is at least as old as the 3rd Century BCE and comes from the ancient Greek word holokauston, meaning “a completely (holos) burnt (kaustos) sacrificial offering”, or “a burnt sacrifice offered to God”.
The term has always meant the specific ritual of murdering innocent human beings as animals by burning as defined by the ancient Phoenician/Samaritan/Sadducee/Punic religion to Moloch and his name variances. Because these priest-king family bloodlines have traditionally considered all other human beings as “sheep and cattle”, the word Holocaust is frequently and deliberately misrepresented as “only applying to animals”.
The word Holocaust fell out of general use for almost 1,400 years until it was famously resurrected by Pope Pius XII, the Vatican and the Roman Cult after 1948 as the official and legal description of mass human sacrifice by burning of over 18 million innocent people in Russia and Poland. To ensure the word is continued to be used, the Vatican and Jesuits ensured that laws were introduced to make “Holocaust Denial” a crime–in other words, to deny that the 18 million innocents of World War II were not burnt alive as a sacrifice (to Moloch) is a criminal offence. In recent years, the Vatican has funded the Holocaust Denial movement to ensure the word remains one of the most controversial and evil labels still in use.
The Hebrew word Tophet is also an ancient and important religious word used by the Sarmatian (Jewish) Priests to describe the actual location of their sacred ceremonies where they burnt “heretics” and innocents. The word means “burning place” exclusively in reference to human sacrifice.
The controversy surrounding this word is twofold–firstly, the word is no older than the 9th Century BCE and secondly most frequent reference is to be found in the heavily revised “Holy Bible” and “Jewish Talmud” scriptures.
The word appears to have been particularly important to the Sarmatian Jewish priests until the destruction of their homeland in the 6th Century by Emperor Justinian and the outlawing (by death) of the religion of Sarmatianism.
The Latin word Immolate (Immolatus/Immolare) is a word created by AntiPope Innocent III (1198-1216) in his creation of the official doctrine of Satanism to religiously murder hundreds of thousands of “heretics” according to the revised liturgy of the Sarmatian (Jewish) practice of human sacrifice. The word means “to sacrifice, kill as a victim by fire” and is the most specific-purpose designed words to describe this kind of evil sacrifice.
While the exact etymology of the word is not clear, it almost certainly comes from the simple combination of IN+MOLOCH (“to Moloch”). Since the creation of this religious word of power, it remains the official “legal” term used to describe all people who are killed by fire–therefore “offered up to Moloch” by simple use of the term.
The hebrew word Shoah which means “annihilation, cataclysm, natural catastrophe” is neither an official religious word associated with human sacrifice by burning, nor an old association. The word Shoah was first used in 1948 in rejection of the language used by Pope Pius XII and the Vatican to describe their mass murder of 18 million people by fire as a The Holocaust.
Since most educated Jewish scholars understand the religious significance of the world “Holocaust”, the word Shoah was selected in opposition to the unrelenting evil behaviour of the Roman Cult and Vatican. Unfortunately, the word is rarely understood and not widely used in replacement to the word “Holocaust”.
So the fact that it is the Vatican that resurrected this supremely evil word and it is the Vatican that continues to insist this word is used proves that the Vatican is involved (at least to some degree) in dark and evil practices—by the insistence of the world using its satanic language.
Proof # 2 – The evil religious ritual word known as “Molest” and “Molestation”
The words Molestation/Molest come from the 14th Century religious term “Mollista” created from Moll (from Latin Mollis meaning “soft, weak, young child/boy) and Ista (Latin suffix used to indicate adherence to a certain doctrine or custom).
The original official and religious meaning of Molest (Mollista) is “the adherence to the doctrines and customs (of the Roman Cult) concerning the soft, weak, and young child/boys.”
The common definitions ascribed to “molest”—from late Latin molestus meaning
“troublesome, disagreeable, annoying” are deliberately misleading and designed to hide the religious origin and religious significance of the word.
For example, the Latin words laedo ledo which mean “strike, hit, hurt, damage, offend, annoy, violate” were in historic use for hundreds of years to defined the exact same claimed meanings of molestus –defying a rational explanation why a new word like “mollista” (molestus) was needed, unless it had a different implied meaning.
To add to the confusion, the word Molestation was again altered in its apparent “common” meaning by being introduced into Scottish law by 1456 to mean “the harassing of a person in his possession or occupation of lands” as well as English common law as “injury inflicted upon another.”
In spite of the deliberate efforts to confuse both the origin and key original religious meaning of the word “Molest”, there exists strong evidence of a second important meaning of the word in relation to the common meaning of Moll in the 14th Century onwards.
In England, the word Moll by the 16th Century became a common euphemism for “criminal” and prostitutes became commonly known as “Molls”—the claim it is a shortened version of Mary a ridiculous diversion.
However, prior to the word Moll becoming associated openly with the notion of criminals, it appears the word was used at least from the 13th Century as a shortened version of the name of Moloch and actions undertaken in the name of Moloch, or “Molls”.
This gives us then a second important and credible religious meaning associated to the word “Molest” being “the adherence to the doctrines and customs (of the Roman Cult) concerning the soft, weak, and young child/boys and a sacrifice to Moloch.”
The term Pedophilia (first recorded in 1951) is a modern term created from the Greek words (gen. paidos) “child” (see pedo-) + philos “loving.”
Contrary to public belief, the term Pedophilia has the unfortunate literal meaning of “loving children”, than the criminal action of child abuse. While Pedophilia has absolutely no religious significance as a word, its continued use as a term to describe child molestation and child abuse is misleading—implying those branded as “pedophiles” have some emotional empathy towards their victims (implied by philes/philos-love).
To date, the Roman Cult, otherwise known as the Vatican is the only organization in history to orchestrate as a “sacred” religious ceremony the systematic and widespread encouragement of its clergy to abuse of children from as late as the 14th Century.
The physical and mental abuse of tens of millions of children for 700 years by the clergy of the Vatican is the largest unbroken “child abuse ring” of all time, still in complete operation today.
The motivation for such evil remains the dedication of the innocence of children to the demon god of sacrifice- Moloch either consciously or unconsciously by the Roman Catholic and some Christian clergy.
Due to the lack of understanding of religious terms and the true meaning of words, some parents with children under the care of Catholic clergy mistakenly believe that the Roman Cult of the Vatican have openly repudiated the “sacred act” of molestation—a false assumption.
The Vatican – always precise with their words—has condemned pedophilia which is a modern term and has absolutely nothing to do with the ancient worship of Moloch, nor the religious term molest/molestation.
No parent who values the sanctity of the innocence of their children should ever believe that their children are safe in the hands of Catholic Clergy until the Roman Cult and Vatican is disbanded. Until that day, all children in the care of Catholic Clergy remain at extreme risk throughout the world from ongoing, encouraged molestation.
Proof # 3 – “Nazi” means knight, “SS” stands for Sedes Sacrorum, the “Holy See”
1933 marks the first year the religious word Nazi (from Hebrew Nasi meaning “Knight”) was used as the official new name of the NDSAP in government controlled by Adolf Hitler.
It is frequently and incorrectly claimed that the word “Nazi” comes from the haphazard extraction of letters from the first word of the name of the NSDAP – NAtionalsoZIalistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei to produce a simple abbreviation. This explanation is patently false as the NSDAP already has a perfectly good and well known abbreviation- NSDAP!. The word “Nazi” appeared only after Hitler assumed power invited by Franz Von Papen for an entirely different reason.
The word Nazi/Nasi dates back to the time of the Sanhedrin councils of Palestine first formed by the Romans in the 1st Century BCE. To members of modern Judaism, the Nasi were the appointed spiritual leaders of the Sanhedrin as opposed to the temporal leadership of the High Priest of the Main Temple. While there is some uncertainty as to the credibility of all the claimed history of the office of Nasi and the bloodline of Rabbinical Scholars of the House of Hillel, there is no doubt the position existed at some point.
Another one of several absurd mythologies accepted by eminent historians and academics is the proposition that the Schutzstaffel (German for “Squadron” and the same concept as the Italian “Blackshirt Squadrons” of Catholic Mussolini) was formed in 1925 as the personal bodyguard of Hitler following his release from prison.
Some audacious writers have even “revised history” to claim the Schutzstaffel (frequently cut in half to try and get two S’s our of the single word for squadron) had already started to use the SS and skull and bones symbols, including calling their head the Reichführer-SS and the Roman Salute (straight arm) to their allegiance to the Vatican, Rome.
The ridiculous nature of these lies are easily exposed when the facts are considered that Hitler’s main claim to fame in 1925 was as a book writer and budding political philosopher, surrounded by a tight group of individuals each providing key skills such as Rudolf Hess-personal private secretary, Ernst Hanfstaengl-media, Hans Frank-Lawyer and Julius Schreck-personal security. Furthermore, the NDSAP was a publicly banned organization until May 1927.
As stated, two S’s cannot logically be extracted from the word Schutzstaffel simply means “Squadron”. The significance of the use of the SS symbol by the elite of Himmler’s forces after he personally attended the signing of the Reich Concordat with the Vatican in 1933 is frequently ignored.
Prior to its use by Himmler, the symbols SS were most frequently and officially used as the abbreviation of Sedes Sacrorum or the legal name of the Vatican being the “Holy See” (Latin Sedes = seat/see and Sacrorum = Holy/Sacred) since the 16th Century as a sign of imprimatur over official Vatican documents.
It is either an extraordinary coincidence that Himmler and his elite began wearing the SS symbol as Reichführer immediately after the signing of the Reich Concordat in 1933 with the SS- the Sedes Sacrorum, the Holy See. Given the four hundred year precedent of SS being associated with the Holy See, it is not unreasonable to conclude that the wearing of the symbols is associated with some as yet unpublished spiritual/temporal powers bestowed on the SS Troops by the SS- Holy See.
When one considers that Nazi SS translates most perfectly into the meaning “Knights of the Holy See”, that the role of Himmler best translates into the new Grand Inquisitor and that over 18 million innocent people were burned alive in human sacrifice camps in Poland and Russia, then the SS were without doubt the new “Holy Army” of a great inquisition against “heretics” orchestrated by the Vatican, Rome.
Proof # 4 – The largest satanic symbol ever created was in WWII with the “worst human sacrifice camps” in Poland and Russia
It would be crazy to think someone could try and hide the Great Wall of China right? It is thousands of miles long and famously was one of the distinct man-made objects that could be seen from space. So how about a 300 mile wide pentagram in the perfect ancient shape of the Pentagram of Mendes, the goat’s head- the geometric symbol of black magic? Sound’s impossible? In fact, the pentagram exists to this day and can easily be plotted on any map.
You can still easily plot this Pentagram for yourself today by simply calling up any map of Poland.
1. First, find Pulawy on a Map—the Palace and Temple to Cybele is located just to the South West of the town itself.
2. Now go directly up and stop just south-East of Ostrow—this is the top tip of the Pentagram and the site for Treblinka Human Sacrifice Camp.
3. Now continue to travel down South -East—past Pulawy until you find the town in Orthodox Ukraine called L’viv. Due west of this town was the Janowska Human Sacrifice Camp—frequently misrepresented as merely a labor camp.
4. Now travel west until you travel past Krakow until just above the town of Bielsko-Biala. This was the site of the massive Auschwitz Human Sacrifice Camp.
5. Now travel north until you find the town of Lodz. This was the site of the only human sacrifice camp dedicated purely to children- the Lodz Human Sacrifice Camp.
6. Finally, travel east again until you find the small town of Wlodawa—almost on the border of the Ukraine—this was the site of the Sobibor Human Sacrifice Camp.
In addition to the worst human sacrifice camps of WWII being the points of a 300 mile satanic pentagram, when the lines are extended out, the connect up some of the most important cities for the Roman Cult controlling the Vatican.
1. The “Ley Line” of evil running North-East to South-West from Treblinka Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp, south to Auschwitz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects St. Petersburg through the outskirts of Zagreb and through the heart of Rome and the Vatican itself!
2. The “Ley Line” of evil running North-West through Treblinka Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp, south to Janowska Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects Stockholm to Bucharest to Suez (Zeus backwards)–the ancient Zion.
3. The “Ley line” of evil running West to East from Lodz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp to Sobibor Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects Dublin, then Hannover to Belgorod in Russia.
4. The “Ley line” of evil running North West from Lodz Vatican- Jesuit Sacrifice Camp and down South East past the Janowska Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp connects the Shetland Islands to Odessa to Tehran.
5. Last but not least, the “Ley line” of evil running North East from Sobibor Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp south-west through Auschwitz Vatican Jesuit Sacrifice Camp cuts through the heart of Bordeaux, Zürich, Munich and connects up to Nizhny Novgorod .
If the ley lines and shape of the pentagram is even changed by one degree of latitude, or longitude, the ley lines have no meaning. It is only when the Nazi death camps that form the pentagram are placed exactly as they were historically located that the pentagram has power.
Like any virus or cancer, the Roman Cult is a parasite attacking the body of the world
While this article unfortunately has required a fair number of words to expose four indisputable facts “hidden in plain sight” that prove the Vatican is Evil, the evidence speaks for itself.
Once a reader or listener understands that we are discussing a parasite –like any virus or cancer—that lives off the good will and kindness of ordinary Catholics, then hopefully they understand that in exposing the Vatican as the epicenter of evil in no way reflects negatively against the Catholic Church, Catholics and Christians in general.
The Roman Cult is the parasite, not the Catholic Church. The Roman Cult is responsible for much of the evil in the world for the past 1,000 years including now the global recession that is threatening to become a global depression.
Hopefully once good people wake up to the fact that when we discuss the Vatican we are talking about a criminal conspiracy involving just a few thousand people who consider themselves the elite rulers of this world—not the hundreds of millions of good Catholics and Catholic clergy—then these people will finally be exposed. Once exposed, we can start to work on a cure.
By: Greg Szymanski
New World Order
Washington's New World Order Weapons Have the Ability to Trigger Climate Change by Michel Chossudovsky Professor of Economics, University of Ottawa |
Third World Resurgence, January 2001 Centre for Research on Globalisation (CRG), globalresearch.ca, 4 January 2002 |
The important debate on global warming under UN auspices provides but a partial picture of climate change; in addition to the devastating impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on the ozone layer, the World's climate can now be modified as part of a new generation of sophisticated "non-lethal weapons." Both the Americans and the Russians have developed capabilities to manipulate the World's climate. In the US, the technology is being perfected under the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) as part of the ("Star Wars") Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI). Recent scientific evidence suggests that HAARP is fully operational and has the ability of potentially triggering floods, droughts, hurricanes and earthquakes. From a military standpoint, HAARP is a weapon of mass destruction. Potentially, it constitutes an instrument of conquest capable of selectively destabilising agricultural and ecological systems of entire regions. While there is no evidence that this deadly technology has been used, surely the United Nations should be addressing the issue of "environmental warfare" alongside the debate on the climatic impacts of greenhouse gases... Despite a vast body of scientific knowledge, the issue of deliberate climatic manipulations for military use has never been explicitly part of the UN agenda on climate change. Neither the official delegations nor the environmental action groups participating in the Hague Conference on Climate Change (CO6) (November 2000) have raised the broad issue of "weather warfare" or "environmental modification techniques (ENMOD)" as relevant to an understanding of climate change. The clash between official negotiators, environmentalists and American business lobbies has centered on Washington's outright refusal to abide by commitments on carbon dioxide reduction targets under the 1997 Kyoto protocol.(1) The impacts of military technologies on the World's climate are not an object of discussion or concern. Narrowly confined to greenhouse gases, the ongoing debate on climate change serves Washington's strategic and defense objectives. "WEATHER WARFARE" World renowned scientist Dr. Rosalie Bertell confirms that "US military scientists ... are working on weather systems as a potential weapon. The methods include the enhancing of storms and the diverting of vapor rivers in the Earth's atmosphere to produce targeted droughts or floods." (2) Already in the 1970s, former National Security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski had foreseen in his book "Between Two Ages" that: "Technology will make available, to the leaders of major nations, techniques for conducting secret warfare, of which only a bare minimum of the security forces need be appraised... [T]echniques of weather modification could be employed to produce prolonged periods of drought or storm." Marc Filterman, a former French military officer, outlines several types of "unconventional weapons" using radio frequencies. He refers to "weather war," indicating that the U.S. and the Soviet Union had already "mastered the know-how needed to unleash sudden climate changes (hurricanes, drought) in the early 1980s."(3) These technologies make it "possible to trigger atmospheric disturbances by using Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) radar [waves]." (4) A simulation study of future defense "scenarios" commissioned for the US Air Force calls for: "US aerospace forces to 'own the weather' by capitalizing on emerging technologies and focusing development of those technologies to war-fighting applications... From enhancing friendly operations or disrupting those of the enemy via small-scale tailoring of natural weather patterns to complete dominance of global communications and counterspace control, weather-modification offers the war fighter a wide-range of possible options to defeat or coerce an adversary... In the United States, weather-modification will likely become a part of national security policy with both domestic and international applications. Our government will pursue such a policy, depending on its interests, at various levels.(5) HIGH-FREQUENCY ACTIVE AURORAL RESEARCH PROGRAM (HAARP) The High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) based in Gokoma Alaska --jointly managed by the US Air Force and the US Navy-- is part of a new generation of sophisticated weaponry under the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Operated by the Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate, HAARP constitutes a system of powerful antennas capable of creating "controlled local modifications of the ionosphere". Scientist Dr. Nicholas Begich --actively involved in the public campaign against HAARP-- describes HAARP as: "A super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that lifts areas of the ionosphere [upper layer of the atmosphere] by focusing a beam and heating those areas. Electromagnetic waves then bounce back onto earth and penetrate everything -- living and dead." (6) Dr. Rosalie Bertell depicts HAARP as "a gigantic heater that can cause major disruption in the ionosphere, creating not just holes, but long incisions in the protective layer that keeps deadly radiation from bombarding the planet." 7 MISLEADING PUBLIC OPINION HAARP has been presented to public opinion as a program of scientific and academic research. US military documents seem to suggest, however, that HAARP's main objective is to "exploit the ionosphere for Department of Defense purposes." (8) Without explicitly referring to the HAARP program, a US Air Force study points to the use of "induced ionospheric modifications" as a means of altering weather patterns as well as disrupting enemy communications and radar.9 According to Dr. Rosalie Bertell, HAARP is part of a integrated weapons' system, which has potentially devastating environmental consequences: "It is related to fifty years of intensive and increasingly destructive programs to understand and control the upper atmosphere. It would be rash not to associate HAARP with the space laboratory construction which is separately being planned by the United States. HAARP is an integral part of a long history of space research and development of a deliberate military nature. The military implications of combining these projects is alarming. ... The ability of the HAARP / Spacelab/ rocket combination to deliver very large amount of energy, comparable to a nuclear bomb, anywhere on earth via laser and particle beams, are frightening. The project is likely to be "sold" to the public as a space shield against incoming weapons, or, for the more gullible, a device for repairing the ozone layer. (10) In addition to weather manipulation, HAARP has a number of related uses: "HAARP could contribute to climate change by intensively bombarding the atmosphere with high-frequency rays... Returning low-frequency waves at high intensity could also affect people's brains, and effects on tectonic movements cannot be ruled out. (11) More generally, HAARP has the ability of modifying the World's electro-magnetic field. It is part of an arsenal of "electronic weapons" which US military researchers consider a "gentler and kinder warfare". (12) WEAPONS OF THE NEW WORLD ORDER HAARP is part of the weapons arsenal of the New World Order under the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). From military command points in the US, entire national economies could potentially be destabilized through climatic manipulations. More importantly, the latter can be implemented without the knowledge of the enemy, at minimal cost and without engaging military personnel and equipment as in a conventional war. The use of HAARP -- if it were to be applied -- could have potentially devastating impacts on the World's climate. Responding to US economic and strategic interests, it could be used to selectively modify climate in different parts of the World resulting in the destabilization of agricultural and ecological systems. It is also worth noting that the US Department of Defense has allocated substantial resources to the development of intelligence and monitoring systems on weather changes. NASA and the Department of Defense's National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) are working on "imagery for studies of flooding, erosion, land-slide hazards, earthquakes, ecological zones, weather forecasts, and climate change" with data relayed from satellites. (13) POLICY INERTIA OF THE UNITED NATIONS According to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) signed at the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro: "States have... in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the (...) responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction." (14) It is also worth recalling that an international Convention ratified by the UN General Assembly in 1997 bans "military or other hostile use of environmental modification techniques having widespread, long-lasting or severe effects." (15) Both the US and the Soviet Union were signatories to the Convention. The Convention defines "'environmental modification techniques' as referring to any technique for changing--through the deliberate manipulation of natural processes--the dynamics, composition or structure of the earth, including its biota, lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere or of outer space." (16) Why then did the UN --disregarding the 1977 ENMOD Convention as well as its own charter-- decide to exclude from its agenda climatic changes resulting from military programs? EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ACKNOWLEDGES IMPACTS OF HAARP In February 1998, responding to a report of Mrs. Maj Britt Theorin --Swedish MEP and longtime peace advocate--, the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defense Policy held public hearings in Brussels on the HAARP program.(17) The Committee's "Motion for Resolution" submitted to the European Parliament: "Considers HAARP... by virtue of its far-reaching impact on the environment to be a global concern and calls for its legal, ecological and ethical implications to be examined by an international independent body...; [the Committee] regrets the repeated refusal of the United States Administration... to give evidence to the public hearing ...into the environmental and public risks [of] the HAARP program." (18). The Committee's request to draw up a "Green Paper" on "the environmental impacts of military activities", however, was casually dismissed on the grounds that the European Commission lacks the required jurisdiction to delve into "the links between environment and defense". (19) Brussels was anxious to avoid a showdown with Washington. FULLY OPERATIONAL While there is no concrete evidence of HAARP having been used, scientific findings suggest that it is at present fully operational. What this means is that HAARP could potentially be applied by the US military to selectively modify the climate of an "unfriendly nation" or "rogue state" with a view to destabilizing its national economy. Agricultural systems in both developed and developing countries are already in crisis as a result of New World Order policies including market deregulation, commodity dumping, etc. Amply documented, IMF and World Bank "economic medicine" imposed on the Third World and the countries of the former Soviet block has largely contributed to the destabilization of domestic agriculture. In turn, the provisions of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have supported the interests of a handful of Western agri-biotech conglomerates in their quest to impose genetically modified (GMO) seeds on farmers throughout the World. It is important to understand the linkage between the economic, strategic and military processes of the New World Order. In the above context, climatic manipulations under the HAARP program (whether accidental or deliberate) would inevitably exacerbate these changes by weakening national economies, destroying infrastructure and potentially triggering the bankruptcy of farmers over vast areas. Surely national governments and the United Nations should address the possible consequences of HAARP and other "non-lethal weapons" on climate change. |
Building the Great Pyramid
Granite is found in horizontal beds, between which lie thin sheets of sinter or quartz. This bed has to be split all the way down to the next sheet. Granite has a tendency to rend with comparative readiness and regularity along a plane at right angles to the cleavage. The stone splits along those original bedding planes and very clean and regular stone blocks are produced.
The Great Pyramid: a course in project management
Philip Coppens
But it is seldom pointed out that the three pyramids that were built during Sneferu’s – Khufu’s predecessor – reign was much larger than the amount of stone required for the Great Pyramid. It is also seldom pointed out that between the Red Pyramid and the Great Pyramid, there are – as a whole – only “minor” differences – and it are these that will come out during our kick-off meeting.
New World Order
Cutting granite with bronze or iron tools?
A new method by Franz Löhner
For the construction of Khufu's pyramid granite was used for the first time on a grand scale, mainly for the burial chamber, the passages and for the sarcophagus. This page is about how the hard granite could be split and cut. Franz Löhner shows, that granite can't be processed without iron tools!
Stone suited for splitting? - Granite from Assuan - Tools for splitting and cutting granite - Comparing with the present-day processing of granite - Sawing granite - Origin of Egyptian iron - Limestone
A simple solution / method? - Historical sources - Questioning this method - Sources
Franz Löhner doesn't allege, that the ancient Egyptians already knew the difficult and elaborate procedure of making wrought iron - but, that they acquired the valuable iron by trading. The Egyptian smiths then made tools from this iron or at least were able to maintain (= temper and sharpen) the tools acquired.
Which stone is suited for splitting?
Granite as well as limestone has to be split to obtain stone blocks that can be used for building purposes. Because granite is a crystalline rock and limestone a sedimentary rock the methods to do this differ in details. A quarry stone - and only this kind of stone can be used for a building like the pyramid - is a stone broken or split off.
Any stone, that has fine cracks or break lines is unsuitable for building. Suitable is only the healthy stone, the stone which is intact in its natural state of composition and aggregation with its structure the way it was grown. This is the reason why working the stone with the help of fire, heat or cold will not result in a stone that can be used for building. Heat or cold creates fractures and fissures and destroys the inner structure of the stone.
To build the pyramids the ancient Egyptians only used building stones made from granite and limestone in perfect condition and that is only a stone which has been split off.
Processing the granite from the quarries in Assuan (Aswan)
In the granite quarries in Assuan the stone working was done as follows: Granite grows in layers or sheets (beds). Quarrying takes a keen eye to determine the grain of the rock. The foreman (or rockman) chooses the place where the rock is intact. Then the stone is cleaved from the rock face by driving in wedges. A series of holes is now drilled along the line to be split, using a chisel (not a drill!).
Since granite is one of the hardest varieties of natural building stone, this can only be done with a chisel forged from wrought iron. With tools made from copper this type of stone simply can't be cut.
To cut stone in such a way, a man sits on the stone block and three men hit the iron chisel in turns with sledgehammers. After each blow the chisel is turned by an eighth, until the hole is 10 to 15cm deep. A series of these holes is driven along a line which is determined by the quarry master. Now wrought iron wedges are put into all the holes of the line (= splitting holes). They are well lubricated and then driven into the rock between two metal shims (or feathers - narrow at the top and flaring outward so that you can grip them). Each wedge is pounded once, moving down the line in consecutive order. When the wedges are all driven in deep enough, the granite is forced apart, breaks and starts to split along the line of holes. This break - along the so called cleavage plane - is very even and the stone has to be worked only very little to achieve a smooth surface. Sledgehammers used for this kind of work have a special shaft which is more elastic, so it puts less strain on the workers.
This way of splitting has been used by the Romans and also in pre-industrial quarries in New England until the 18th century [6]. In mines and quarries nowadays the holes are made with widia drills (a material with the hardness of diamonds) and using a jackhammer, but even a few decades ago this was still manual work (see English texts about manufacturing roofing slates [5]).
Detailed calculations how many workers were necessary to build the pyramid
Numbers and figures of the Cheops-pyramid (pyramid of Khufu)
Drilled holes with wedges
Regularly tapping with a hammer
Already the first crack (cleavage) is seen
Only one more wedge
Detail of the wedge and the feathers
The stone splits and the block falls on a soft bed of sand
Please notice: A stone block split off with this method breaks cleanly and regularly and needs very little additional work.
Photos Old tools and stone / Splitting / Splitting slate / Granite splitting / Preparation for blasting (Beattie's Ledge Granite Quarry)
The right tools for splitting and cutting granite
1. New To split the granite, chisels forged from wrought iron were used (doctrine = the same tools as for limestone are used, this is to say tools made from copper)
2. New
To achieve a smooth surface, the stone is split along a row of holes. Because granite splits relatively smoothly, the stones have to be burnished and polished only slightly (doctrine = the granite is sawed with copper saws)
3. New To further process the stone a wide chisel forged from wrought iron and a carver's mallet is used (doctrine = chisel made from copper)
Ancient Egypt: making a stone statue using chisel and carving mallet
Stone processing with a chisel and a carver's mallet. Tomb of Ankmahor in Saqqara (2200 BC) Entire frieze
A stone frieze in Saqqara shows, what kind of tools a stone mason uses to process (not split) a stone. The frieze shows several workstations, where statues were obviously manufactured in series.
Details of the chisel right / left
The pyramid building yard - the center of the construction project
Detailed calculations how many workers were necessary to build the pyramid
The Great Pyramid: a course in project management
Philip Coppens
During the research stage of “The Stargate Conspiracy”, Clive Prince cheekily stated that he desperately needed to go to Egypt. I asked why. “Because I have been reading up on the various books on the subject and they all seem to conclude it was impossible for this pyramid to be built in the manner in which it was built. So I need to go to Egypt and touch it, to verify its existence.”
During the research for “The New Pyramid Age”, I thought it would be a good exercise to address the building of the pyramid itself – but this area was slightly out of scope for the book – and hence becomes the subject of this article.
During the research for “The New Pyramid Age”, I thought it would be a good exercise to address the building of the pyramid itself – but this area was slightly out of scope for the book – and hence becomes the subject of this article.
Having had experience as a project manager – though not in the building industry – I wanted to approach the subject of “building the Great Pyramid” from the perspective of project management. For the purpose of this article, I will try to paint what is going on during the project’s kick-off meeting.
First of all, it should be noted that the Great Pyramid – despite claims to the contrary – was not a “one off” or “unique”. When placed in the traditional timeline of pyramid development that Egyptology has established, from Zoser’s Step Pyramid to Dashur’s Red Pyramid, we see a consistent growth in complexity and volume. Complexity, specifically, should be defined by the method of creating chambers inside the pyramid itself, rather than a mere tunnel leading into the bedrock. But despite not being unique, several new elements would be introduced into the Great Pyramid – which would become the greatest pyramid so far – and in retrospect, ever.
A lot of emphasis has been placed on the “detail” and the “precision” that has made the Great Pyramid an object of affection if not obsession, but less emphasis has been placed on the effort that went into building it.
The Great Pyramid is indeed one of the most accurately surveyed constructions in the world; it is also one of the most accurately made; it is claimed that it is the largest and most accurate stone building in the world. Only modern optical surveying equipment has detected any errors in its ancient stones. As I have pointed out in “The New Pyramid Age”: the builders of my parent’s downstairs’ toilet managed to work with greater error over a distance of two metres, than the pyramid builders over fifty times that distance.
The Great Pyramid is indeed one of the most accurately surveyed constructions in the world; it is also one of the most accurately made; it is claimed that it is the largest and most accurate stone building in the world. Only modern optical surveying equipment has detected any errors in its ancient stones. As I have pointed out in “The New Pyramid Age”: the builders of my parent’s downstairs’ toilet managed to work with greater error over a distance of two metres, than the pyramid builders over fifty times that distance.
But it is seldom pointed out that the three pyramids that were built during Sneferu’s – Khufu’s predecessor – reign was much larger than the amount of stone required for the Great Pyramid. It is also seldom pointed out that between the Red Pyramid and the Great Pyramid, there are – as a whole – only “minor” differences – and it are these that will come out during our kick-off meeting.
The first problem that the project is facing is manpower - resource. Though large amounts of people worked on previous pyramids, at best, these have either returned to work on the land, or are still in Dashur, the site of the Red Pyramid. If all workmen and their family were in Dashur, at least 10,000 people would have to move 40 miles north, to Gizeh. Alternatively, various families either need to make their own way, or be picked up in some type of “caravan” from potentially the entire length of the river Nile, and be brought to Gizeh.
As a project manager, one would hope the workforce is assembled in one place and is merely awaiting an order to relocate – rather than send out orders across the nation, to find willing families, and keeping records of who is coming from where, can do what, is coming with how many, etc.
As a project manager, one would hope the workforce is assembled in one place and is merely awaiting an order to relocate – rather than send out orders across the nation, to find willing families, and keeping records of who is coming from where, can do what, is coming with how many, etc.
At some stage, “engineers” will be at work to come up with plans for the Great Pyramid. Though the official verdict still stands that the interior of the Great Pyramid was the result of a plan that was changed at least twice, more recent theories suggest this is simply not the case – and from a project management perspective, we will throw in a few objections to this official doctrine too.
Nothing remains of the “plans”, but it is assumed that most of the planning actually occurred on site, to the east of the actual pyramid, and that these “plans” were executed in real dimensions. However, it seems reasonable that before such detailed, on-site planning, some “high level estimates” and “rough plans” must have existed. Why this was required, is again a simple problem of project management; failure to do so, would result in the failure of the project as a whole.
Nothing remains of the “plans”, but it is assumed that most of the planning actually occurred on site, to the east of the actual pyramid, and that these “plans” were executed in real dimensions. However, it seems reasonable that before such detailed, on-site planning, some “high level estimates” and “rough plans” must have existed. Why this was required, is again a simple problem of project management; failure to do so, would result in the failure of the project as a whole.
As a project manager, one should first address any type of novelty. In the case of the Great Pyramid, that is the extensive use of granite, to be used for the “King’s Chamber”. Any project manager will ask why this should be used, and the answer is simple: granite and imported wood are the only materials available that could span the type of distances the designers have in mind. But so far, granite had been hardly used – and never on this scale. Furthermore, the granite is sourced in Aswan, 400 miles south of Gizeh. Though granite can be used to span the chamber, copper chisels – the standard tool – have little effect on it. We are told that granite can only be quarried by using granite, resulting in a clean cut, but one that is attained a rate of only one inch per hour. This means that my workforce in Aswan needs to be ten times the workforce that is required to quarry the local limestone. We are told that approximately 7500 tons of granite will need to be quarried. An initial calculation suggests that we need a workforce of 100 people, working for eight years, shipping 940 tons per annum.
If the King’s Chamber was an afterthought, it would mean that production of Aswan granite would have started much later – a few years into the building of the pyramid. This means that the choice of granite for this chamber would have seriously impacted the timescales: the project may have grounded to a veritable halt, as building work could not progress until the granite was quarried, shipped and put in place, before construction on the rest of the pyramid could continue. If the King’s Chamber was an afterthought, it is almost certain that the project managers would have consulted with Khufu, arguing that though he could change his mind, the choice for his chamber should not be granite – a slightly different design would do away with the need to use granite, and would thus not have a detrimental impact on the project’s schedule. In short: from a pure logistics point of view, if the King’s Chamber was afterthought, it would not have been built in granite.
If the King’s Chamber was an afterthought, it would mean that production of Aswan granite would have started much later – a few years into the building of the pyramid. This means that the choice of granite for this chamber would have seriously impacted the timescales: the project may have grounded to a veritable halt, as building work could not progress until the granite was quarried, shipped and put in place, before construction on the rest of the pyramid could continue. If the King’s Chamber was an afterthought, it is almost certain that the project managers would have consulted with Khufu, arguing that though he could change his mind, the choice for his chamber should not be granite – a slightly different design would do away with the need to use granite, and would thus not have a detrimental impact on the project’s schedule. In short: from a pure logistics point of view, if the King’s Chamber was afterthought, it would not have been built in granite.
The main component of the pyramid would be stone – limestone. There were to be two quarries: one local, which would be an open cast quarry a quarter of a mile south of the Pyramid. A total of 12,000 people would be required here.
The second quarry site is Turah, chosen for its milk-pure stone, which contained far less fossils than the local Gizeh material. Unfortunately, it is located eight miles upstream of Gizeh, meaning transport is upstream. 220,000 tons of stone would be quarried and shipped from there. Here, there would be a workforce between 300 to 600 in the first years, dropping to 150 to 300 in the later years of the project.
The second quarry site is Turah, chosen for its milk-pure stone, which contained far less fossils than the local Gizeh material. Unfortunately, it is located eight miles upstream of Gizeh, meaning transport is upstream. 220,000 tons of stone would be quarried and shipped from there. Here, there would be a workforce between 300 to 600 in the first years, dropping to 150 to 300 in the later years of the project.
On all three sites, we would need to double the workforce, to take into account water carriers, chisel sharpeners, etc. Most of these people would be male. Assuming that entire families would be on-site, it seems likely that the women would look after food preparation: feeding the workforce, as well as feeding themselves. Add a few children per family, and the extent of people descending on these sites, as well as the actual building site, is immense. It is nothing short of a mobile city.
With Aswan and Tura, there was also the added problem of transport. Transport from Aswan required barges, whose operation may have required 400-500 people. To build these barges, wood is required, and the only wood meeting the criteria is cedar – which itself would have to be imported. There are, unfortunately, hardly any details on the barges that were created, but it is estimated that there were potentially as many as fifty, each able to carry twenty ton loads. A total of 1750 people might hence be required for the river traffic, with a round trip Aswan-Gizeh taking thirty days, relying on favourable winds.
That brings the stones to Gizeh, but not to the site of the Great Pyramid itself. Fortunately, the Nile was much nearer to the Plateau than it is today – but then as now, the Gizeh plateau is just that – a plateau – high ground. First, a canal had to be dug, approximately half a mile to the south of pyramid. Such a lake existed in Dashur too. From there, the stones would be carried up the plateau; halfway, the stones from the local quarry would join this stony procession. Of course, this is just the slope that brings the stones to the plateau itself. Once there, there would be another mechanism to put the stones in place on the Great Pyramid itself – which itself becomes ever higher.
Some of the workforce requirements above are given because the project schedule is obviously not endless. In fact, there are rather tough deadlines – and very tough deadlines if we consider Egypt to be a “simple” Bronze Age society. In Antiquity, Herodotus was told that 100,000 men laboured constantly, and were relieved every three months by a fresh workforce…The pyramid itself, he argued, took twenty years to complete.
As John Romer reports, graffiti on the Red Pyramid provides details on the building of that pyramid. It shows that the rate at which the Red Pyramid rose into the air was constant. However, to accomplish this, there was an initial high demand for stone, which dropped dramatically as time progressed – and the pyramid rose. From a project management perspective, this means that a lot of effort and expert skills have to be required early on in the project. Project Managers prefer a ramp up, in which more stones are produced as time progresses – because it is in line with what one would expect: the more people quarry, the better they get at it, the more they produce.
Graphics such as used by Romer suggests that stone quarrying began at the same time as pyramid construction, but perhaps the project manager would think it is less risky if some of the blocks are cut before and transported to the site before construction begins? This way, the amount of workers that are required to cut – which was hard and precise work – would be less, and training, etc., would be easier. The quarries would be less crowded too.
A Great Pyramid feasibility study relating to the quarrying of the stone was performed in 1978 by Technical Director Merle Booker of the Indiana Limestone Institute of America. Consisting of 33 quarries, the Institute is considered by many architects to be one of the world’s leading authorities on limestone. Using modern equipment, the study concludes: “Utilizing the entire Indiana Limestone industry’s facilities as they now stand [for 33 quarries], and figuring on tripling present average production, it would take approximately 27 years to quarry, fabricate and ship the total requirements.”
As John Romer reports, graffiti on the Red Pyramid provides details on the building of that pyramid. It shows that the rate at which the Red Pyramid rose into the air was constant. However, to accomplish this, there was an initial high demand for stone, which dropped dramatically as time progressed – and the pyramid rose. From a project management perspective, this means that a lot of effort and expert skills have to be required early on in the project. Project Managers prefer a ramp up, in which more stones are produced as time progresses – because it is in line with what one would expect: the more people quarry, the better they get at it, the more they produce.
Graphics such as used by Romer suggests that stone quarrying began at the same time as pyramid construction, but perhaps the project manager would think it is less risky if some of the blocks are cut before and transported to the site before construction begins? This way, the amount of workers that are required to cut – which was hard and precise work – would be less, and training, etc., would be easier. The quarries would be less crowded too.
A Great Pyramid feasibility study relating to the quarrying of the stone was performed in 1978 by Technical Director Merle Booker of the Indiana Limestone Institute of America. Consisting of 33 quarries, the Institute is considered by many architects to be one of the world’s leading authorities on limestone. Using modern equipment, the study concludes: “Utilizing the entire Indiana Limestone industry’s facilities as they now stand [for 33 quarries], and figuring on tripling present average production, it would take approximately 27 years to quarry, fabricate and ship the total requirements.”
If this were not the case and Romer’s graph reflects the chosen approach, in the first year, over a quarter of the pyramid’s required amount of stones, i.e. around a million tons of limestone, would have been cut, hauled and set into place. It is here that we get the infamous one-liner that to build the Great Pyramid, made up out of 2.5 million stones, each weighing 2.5 tons, a stone would have to be set into place every two minutes, throughout the project lifetime – which is, using the Red Pyramid as the model used for the Great Pyramid, 14 years.
Using the Red Pyramid example and an extrapolation, there would have to be a workforce of 26,000 people in the first year, dropping down to less than 4000 people in year 14. They would work ten hours per day, for 300 days per year.
Egyptologist Mark Lehner has asked the firm Daniel, Mann, Johnson, & Mendenhall to carry out a study; they estimated that the project required an average workforce of 14,567 people and a peak workforce of 40,000. They argued that the project, from start to finish, would last approximately 10 years. The study has been criticized, if only for only using 2 million, rather than the 2.5 million stones that are believed to have gone into the Great Pyramid.
Using the Red Pyramid example and an extrapolation, there would have to be a workforce of 26,000 people in the first year, dropping down to less than 4000 people in year 14. They would work ten hours per day, for 300 days per year.
Egyptologist Mark Lehner has asked the firm Daniel, Mann, Johnson, & Mendenhall to carry out a study; they estimated that the project required an average workforce of 14,567 people and a peak workforce of 40,000. They argued that the project, from start to finish, would last approximately 10 years. The study has been criticized, if only for only using 2 million, rather than the 2.5 million stones that are believed to have gone into the Great Pyramid.
The Red Pyramid at Dashur
At the time, Egypt had an estimated population of 1.6 million, which means that for the first year, more than twenty percent of the adult male population would have been employed, one way or another, on the pyramid project. This must have had a gigantic impact on Egypt as a whole, specifically on the harvest. Furthermore, economy wise, the Great Pyramid only took resource and cost money; the benefits were spiritual.
At least one harvest would be seriously affected by the project and it is therefore possible that a percentage of the previous year(s) was stored in granaries. Failing such precautions, it is possible that the workforce was indeed not continuous but that seasonal labour was used for the pyramid project. This, however, would have an impact on time spans and the 14 years would no longer be a viable option. The rotational workforce proposed by Herodotus would have less impact on the economy, but problems of required skill level and training would be higher, for a qualified stonemason would almost be let go once he is qualified.
At least one harvest would be seriously affected by the project and it is therefore possible that a percentage of the previous year(s) was stored in granaries. Failing such precautions, it is possible that the workforce was indeed not continuous but that seasonal labour was used for the pyramid project. This, however, would have an impact on time spans and the 14 years would no longer be a viable option. The rotational workforce proposed by Herodotus would have less impact on the economy, but problems of required skill level and training would be higher, for a qualified stonemason would almost be let go once he is qualified.
5.5 Million tons. That may seem a staggering amount, but the Red Pyramid consisted out of 3,800,000 tons of limestone. We know how that project was tackled, due to surviving graffiti. And hence, we know that any project manager on the Great Pyramid could merely have copied the Red Pyramid’s resource schedule, which would have resulted in the Great Pyramid being completed in thirty years. This, of course, is a very long term for a project. And the preferred models suggest it was done in just under half that time. How was it accomplished? Like so many projects, more people were thrown at it.
It is also known that the blocks of the pyramid largely have blocks of uniform size. One benefit – which has been less stressed – is that such uniformity would be a great aid to track progress – and identify whether the project is advancing on time, or not.
It should be noted that the blocks do become smaller as the height of the pyramid rises, but the prime concern here seems to have been a visual, optical effect. Of course, from a project management perspective, it is easier to haul a smaller stone up a very steep sloop than a big one. On the downside: the smaller the individual stones, the more you need of them.
There is ample archaeological evidence that this transport was achieved by roping the blocks to a sledge. With the assistance of water or other lubricating fluids, experiments have proved that a third of a ton per man is a reasonable hauling average, meaning that seven or eight men could transport a 2.5 ton block. This is for hauling over flat surfaces though. Pulling a 2.5 ton block up a slope is believed to have required approximately twenty men – a work-gang size that was typically employed by the ancient Egyptians. To meet the project schedule, each team would move one block from the quarry into its position every two hours, or five per day. This would 55 such teams, or 1100 men. For transport from Turah, a larger workforce would be required.
It is also known that the blocks of the pyramid largely have blocks of uniform size. One benefit – which has been less stressed – is that such uniformity would be a great aid to track progress – and identify whether the project is advancing on time, or not.
It should be noted that the blocks do become smaller as the height of the pyramid rises, but the prime concern here seems to have been a visual, optical effect. Of course, from a project management perspective, it is easier to haul a smaller stone up a very steep sloop than a big one. On the downside: the smaller the individual stones, the more you need of them.
There is ample archaeological evidence that this transport was achieved by roping the blocks to a sledge. With the assistance of water or other lubricating fluids, experiments have proved that a third of a ton per man is a reasonable hauling average, meaning that seven or eight men could transport a 2.5 ton block. This is for hauling over flat surfaces though. Pulling a 2.5 ton block up a slope is believed to have required approximately twenty men – a work-gang size that was typically employed by the ancient Egyptians. To meet the project schedule, each team would move one block from the quarry into its position every two hours, or five per day. This would 55 such teams, or 1100 men. For transport from Turah, a larger workforce would be required.
Identifying key tasks of what needs to happen early on in the project, is another key ingredient of any kick-off meeting. In this case, the first task is levelling the site. A decision was also made at some point that part of native rock would be left in place in the centre; this decision – not to remove some native rock and replace it with limestone blocks – would save ca. 160,000 tons of quarried limestone, or three percent of the pyramid’s volume. It may seem little, but it is vital, as this “benefit” would occur early on in the project, when the building process would by default be a less smooth operation than later on.
Largely overlooked amidst all of these plans could be the need to have chisels. And these chisels required copper. Copper needed to be mined and smelted and the preferred site to acquire copper was the Sinai. It is estimated that 10,000 tons of copper were mined throughout Ancient Egypt; 8000 tons of those – 80% – came from Sinai. Specifically for the Great Pyramid project, there is a need for 300,000 chisels, or 290 tons of copper. But estimates argue that a total of 950 tons were mined under Khufu, or one tenth of the entire copper production of Ancient Egypt. It underlines the colossal effort that was the Great Pyramid.
Copper chisel
Though we have identified the main ingredients, there are other items we need: gypsum. The site where gypsum was acquired was Umm el-Sawwan. Here, we find the oldest example of a purpose-built quarry road, which ran for seven miles through the desert to Lake Moeris, where the gypsum was placed on ships.
An estimated 300,000 cubic yards (230,000 m3) of gypsum was baked and slaked and brought to Gizeh in Khufu’s time, where it was mixed with water, poured, pushed and shovelled into the cracks and crevices.
Finally, there was a quarry of mottled gneiss, situated in Nubia. Here, a fifty mile quarry track was required to bring the stone to the river, where it began a 600 mile journey to Gizeh. Worst of all: the convoy would have to negotiate the rapids – cataracts – which could only be done during the annual summer flood.
An estimated 300,000 cubic yards (230,000 m3) of gypsum was baked and slaked and brought to Gizeh in Khufu’s time, where it was mixed with water, poured, pushed and shovelled into the cracks and crevices.
Finally, there was a quarry of mottled gneiss, situated in Nubia. Here, a fifty mile quarry track was required to bring the stone to the river, where it began a 600 mile journey to Gizeh. Worst of all: the convoy would have to negotiate the rapids – cataracts – which could only be done during the annual summer flood.
Already, the project manager realises that no-one has said anything about surrounding buildings, valley temples, causeways and “satellite pyramids”, all of which are no doubt only begun in the latter years of the project – when the main workforce for the actual pyramid is reduced in size, but seems likely to have been reused to begin work on these “satellite structures”.
Furthermore, once the Great Pyramid has been constructed, when the quarries will no longer be needed, if a slope was built to drag the stones up to the heights of the pyramid, this slope had to be dismantled; the effort of building a slope and dismantling it has been calculated as being the same as the time and effort as building the pyramid itself!
Furthermore, once the Great Pyramid has been constructed, when the quarries will no longer be needed, if a slope was built to drag the stones up to the heights of the pyramid, this slope had to be dismantled; the effort of building a slope and dismantling it has been calculated as being the same as the time and effort as building the pyramid itself!
It leaves one with the realisation that for a period of ten to fourteen years, Gizeh would have a population of 40,000 people, who were here but for one goal. If this was a permanent workforce, then it seems they had come from Dashur, and would soon move to Abusir, before returning to Gizeh to construct Khafre’s Pyramid. It is here that Egyptologists have hidden some of the true problems of their official timeline. For example: the descending corridor of the Great Pyramid shows how good workmen had become in cutting such descending corridors. After all, they had done this several times; it was the key ingredient of every pyramid. When compared to for example the King’s Chamber, in which granite was used, we see how cumbersome this was: the cracks and fractures that are now visible in the ceiling of the chamber are now believed to have occurred during the building phase of the project itself. It underlines that the engineers got it wrong.
But back to the descending corridor: in the case of the Great Pyramid, it never deviates from true North by more than a quarter inch, underlining this workforce obviously consisted out of experts. And what became of them? Once their work was done, did they return to the quarries to help or instruct stonecutters there? Or were they instead sent ahead, to begin the next job? It may explain why at Abusir, only the descending passage was cut – and nothing more. One question needs to be asked: was the Abusir pyramid begun, in Khufu’s time, then abandoned, and then the decision made to have the workforce remain in situ and work on Khafre’s Pyramid? For an Egyptologist, working within the traditional timeline, this makes no sense at all. But the ancient Egyptians that constructed the Great Pyramid, were not Egyptologists – they were expert project managers, building pyramids.
But back to the descending corridor: in the case of the Great Pyramid, it never deviates from true North by more than a quarter inch, underlining this workforce obviously consisted out of experts. And what became of them? Once their work was done, did they return to the quarries to help or instruct stonecutters there? Or were they instead sent ahead, to begin the next job? It may explain why at Abusir, only the descending passage was cut – and nothing more. One question needs to be asked: was the Abusir pyramid begun, in Khufu’s time, then abandoned, and then the decision made to have the workforce remain in situ and work on Khafre’s Pyramid? For an Egyptologist, working within the traditional timeline, this makes no sense at all. But the ancient Egyptians that constructed the Great Pyramid, were not Egyptologists – they were expert project managers, building pyramids.
What's behind the latest Israeli media frenzy on Iran?
Israeli media outlets were buzzing this weekend about the possibility of a preemptive Israeli strike on Iran. Was there a policy change driving the attention? • A daily summary of global reports on security issues.
Israeli media speculation that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu plans to launch a preemptive attack against Iran kicked into high gear over the weekend. But the frenzy seems to lack any basis in changes on the ground in Iran, and may simply be an effort to win over a skeptical Israeli public.
Israel has been warily eying Iran's nuclear program for many months, even as Western sanctions against Iran continue to bleed it of oil revenues. But over the weekend, speculation in the Israeli media about an imminent Israeli attack on Iran reached a fever pitch. "[I]t was two articles last Friday that kicked off the current storm," reports the Guardian.
And Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon called on the United Nations Security Council's permanent members and Germany, known collectively as the P5+1, to declare that talks to negotiate an end to Iran's uranium enrichment "have failed," reports The New York Times. Such a declaration will make “clear that all options are on the table,” including a military strike, he said.
But despite the common alarm in the Israeli media over the perceived Iranian threat, it isn't clear that any real event or new information has precipitated the recent flurry of articles. In an op-ed for Israeli newspaper Maariv (and translated from Hebrew by Al-Monitor), Ben Caspit writes that "You can all relax – in the last two weeks, nothing new has happened with regard to an attack on Iran. The cabinet hasn’t convened, the defense minister hasn’t summoned the IDF general staff and no new information has been received. Everything that is known today was known two months ago."
Ynet News reports that Netanyahu's predecessor, Ehud Olmert, accused Israeli government officials of "stirring up overblown drama."
Israeli media speculation that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu plans to launch a preemptive attack against Iran kicked into high gear over the weekend. But the frenzy seems to lack any basis in changes on the ground in Iran, and may simply be an effort to win over a skeptical Israeli public.
Israel has been warily eying Iran's nuclear program for many months, even as Western sanctions against Iran continue to bleed it of oil revenues. But over the weekend, speculation in the Israeli media about an imminent Israeli attack on Iran reached a fever pitch. "[I]t was two articles last Friday that kicked off the current storm," reports the Guardian.
Writing in Israel's biggest-selling daily, Yedioth Ahronoth, Nahum Barnea and Simon Shiffer, both respected commentators, said: "Insofar as it depends on [Prime Minister] Binyamin Netanyahu and [Defense Minister] Ehud Barak, an Israeli military strike on the nuclear facilities in Iran will take place in these coming autumn months, before the US elections in November."Time notes that two other Israeli newspapers echoed those sentiments in their own headlines.
...
Barak is also widely assumed to be the "decision maker", the anonymous key figure whose views were spread over two pages of Haaretz's weekend magazine on Friday. This thinly disguised figure said that time was running out to act against the Iranian nuclear program, and the "immunity zone" – the point when key components of the program are beyond reach in deep bunkers – was approaching.
Maariv informed us in its banner headline that 37 percent of the Israeli public believes that “If Iran gets the bomb, it might result in a second Holocaust.” And Yisrael Hayom said: “Iran significantly speeds up its progress toward the bomb.” The following day, the latter paper included a headline claiming that, according to Israeli TV, a “Decision by Netanyahu and Barak to strike Iran is almost final.”Mr. Netanyahu and his cabinet also spoke out strongly on Aug. 12 against the perceived threat of Iran's nuclear program. The Associated Press reports that Netanyahu told his cabinet, "All threats directed at the Israeli home front are dwarfed by another threat, different in its magnitude and substance, and so I have repeated and shall repeat: Iran must not be allowed to obtain nuclear weapons."
And Israeli Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon called on the United Nations Security Council's permanent members and Germany, known collectively as the P5+1, to declare that talks to negotiate an end to Iran's uranium enrichment "have failed," reports The New York Times. Such a declaration will make “clear that all options are on the table,” including a military strike, he said.
But despite the common alarm in the Israeli media over the perceived Iranian threat, it isn't clear that any real event or new information has precipitated the recent flurry of articles. In an op-ed for Israeli newspaper Maariv (and translated from Hebrew by Al-Monitor), Ben Caspit writes that "You can all relax – in the last two weeks, nothing new has happened with regard to an attack on Iran. The cabinet hasn’t convened, the defense minister hasn’t summoned the IDF general staff and no new information has been received. Everything that is known today was known two months ago."
Ynet News reports that Netanyahu's predecessor, Ehud Olmert, accused Israeli government officials of "stirring up overblown drama."
During a meeting with students at Ono Academic College, Olmert said that "the current situation does not require Israeli military action – now or in the near future."The Associated Press adds that "All of Israel's recently retired security chiefs oppose an attack, and several have come out swinging against Barak and Netanyahu personally. It's a shocking public rift between the political and defense establishments." Some experts speculate that it is the military's distrust of Netanyahu that has spurred the prime minister to take his case to the public in an effort to build up a bulwark of support for his policy on Iran.
...
Referring to the public discussion surrounding a potential military strike in Iran, the former PM admitted that he was very worried by recent newspaper headlines. "This issue inflicts massive public damage to Israel. I live among my people; I hear and see the anxiety on the faces of the citizens. This does not contribute anything to our ability to deal with the Iranian threat. (On the contrary) It only makes it harder."
"They're doing it because they want partners to the decision, because they understand it's a very dangerous risk," he said. But he added that the discussion may serve the public good: "You have a situation that is so complicated and so dangerous, that in a democratic society, you might need a debate over whether to do it because so much hangs in the balance."But Netanyahu doesn't appear to have much support in the media either, despite the flurry of headlines this weekend. Haaretz writes that "during the past week alone, Netanyahu personally called two writers – one Israeli and the other American – and praised them for the articles they wrote on the Iranian issue." Haaretz reporter Barak Ravid writes:
Other than his “home newspaper,” Yisrael Hayom, most of the media in Israel, Europe and the United States have expressed their opposition to an attack on Iran. In such an atmosphere, it’s no wonder that Netanyahu regards any article that doesn’t totally rule out a unilateral Israeli attack on Iran as precious and even makes a point of expressing his satisfaction to the writer.
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